English Version:
In English we basically deny verbs adding ‘not’ to the verb:
VERB + NOT
1- Like in the case of this group of verbs:
MODALS (can...) S + (modal) + NOT + V
BE (ser y estar) S + (am, are.., was, were..) + NOT + V
HAVE (haber) S + (have/has/had) + NOT + PARTICIPLE
I must not, I should not, etc.., I have not, I am not, etc.
*It doesn’t matter if this is in the present, in the past, in the 3rd person, nothing matters here, you will just add ‘not’ to the verb or make the corresponding contraction.
And:
2- Rest of verbs ( S + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + V )
DO + NOT (DON'T) -> for the present tense
DOES + NOT (DOESN'T) -> for the 3rd person (she, he, it)
DID + NOT (DIDN'T) -> for the past tense
*Here it is important to see if the verb is in the present tense (don’t), in the past tense (didn’t) or in the present but using a 3rd person (doesn’t).
-> Very important, once you have identified the tense (don’t, doesn’t or didn’t) the verb which follows will always be in raw format, never in the past again, never add the 3rd person again:
I didn’t went -> I didn’t go / she doesn’t goes -> she doesn’t go / etc.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ‘haber’ y ‘tener’:
In Spanish we have two different translations for the verb ‘to have’ and the negative form will also be different depending on whether you are using one or the other:
- If the meaning is ‘TENER’ (tengo, tienes...)
I don’t have time / she doesn't have that car / you didn’t have to do it /
- If the meaning is ‘HABER’ (he, has, he, hemos.. había, habías...+ part.)
I haven’t gone to the doctor / she hasn’t called her / he hadn’t played.
Never mix them: I haven’t time / she hasn’t that car
*Something else is if you wanted to say: I haven’t got the time (notice the participle here: get got got have+not+participle)
Audio:
Spanish Version:
En inglés negaremos los verbos con 'not':
VERBO + NOT
1- Como es el caso de este grupito de verbos (son los 'especialitos'):
MODALES (can...) S + (modal) + NOT + V
BE (ser y estar) S + (am, are.., was, were..) + NOT + V
HAVE (haber) S + (have/has/had) + NOT + PARTICIPLE
I must not, I should not, etc.., I have not, I am not, etc.
*No importa si el verbo está en presente, en pasado o en tercera persona, simplemente le añades el 'not' y ya está. Puedes hacer una contracción también: shouldn't, won't, isn't, aren't, haven't, hadn't, hasn't, etc.
Y luego tienes el resto de verbos a los que adicionalmente les añadimos un do/does/did según esté en presente, tercera persona o pasado más el not:
2- Resto de verbos ( S + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + V )
DO + NOT (DON'T) -> para el presente
DOES + NOT (DOESN'T) -> para la 3ª persona (she, he, it)
DID + NOT (DIDN'T) -> para el pasado
*Aquí lo primero que tendrás que mirar es en qué tiempo está el verbo que quieras negar, si en presente (don’t), en presente pero en 3ª persona (doesn't) o en pasado (didn't).
-> Super importante, una vez tengas identificado el tiempo, si está en pasado nunca vuelvas a añadir el pasado al verbo porque ya lo tienes en el did (do did done), y si está en 3ª persona tampoco le añadas la -s al verbo, porque ya la tienes en el doeSn't:
I didn’t went -> I didn’t go / she doesn’t goes -> she doesn’t go / etc.
En resumen, podemos decir que hay dos grupitos:
- Primer grupo al que pertenecen 'los modales, el verbo to be y el verbo to have (de haber)' y que negaremos añadiendo NOT al verbo.
- Segundo grupo, el resto de verbos a los que negaremos añadiendo antes: DON'T, DOESN'T, DIDN'T (dependiendo de si es presente, 3a persona o pasado - incluirá el have de tener -).
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ‘haber’ y ‘tener’:
In Spanish we have two different translations for the verb ‘to have’ and the negative form will also be different depending on whether you are using one or the other:
- Si el significado es ‘TENER’ (tengo, tienes, tuve...)
I don’t have time / she doesn't have that car you / didn’t have to do it
- Si el significado es ‘HABER’ (he, has, he, hemos.. había, habías...+ part.)
I haven’t gone to the doctor / she hasn’t called her / he hadn’t played.
Never mix them: I haven’t time / she hasn’t that car
*Otra cosa es la expresión: I haven’t got the time (fíjate que esto ya tiene un participio al final, por eso se niega con 'haven't': get got got have+not+participle)